What is a Stormwater Treatment Area?

Stormwater treatment areas (STAs) are constructed living wetlands divided into flow-through treatment cells that remove nutrients from agricultural and urban runoff water prior to discharging to our creeks and river.

The nutrients are consumed through plant growth, and captured by accumulation of dead plant material that is slowly converted to a layer of peat soil. The flow-through system of the STA cleanses the water and assists the county in meeting state mandated water quality targets.

How it works: Agricultural and urban runoff water containing excess phosphorus and nitrogen is diverted to STAs that have been planted with a selection of native wetland vegetation with useful characteristics for water purification. These plants species absorb phosphorus and nitrogen, storing it in their roots, stems and leaves. In addition to filtering water, STAs serve as a storage basin to ensure water availability in times of drought, and provide valuable habitat for wildlife species.  

What is Hybrid Wetland Treatment Technology?

A Hybrid Wetland Treatment Technology (HWTT) system is designed to harness and integrate strengths of both wetland and chemical treatment technologies. The goal of HWTT systems is to provide the effectiveness and reliability of chemical treatment systems for phosphorus removal; to utilize wetland processes to effectively transform/remove additional contaminants such as nitrogen; and to provide environmental benefits via wetland and wildlife habitat restoration and creation. 

How it works: The facilities are comprised of both vegetated (primarily with floating and/or submerged plants) and non-vegetated zones. Chemical coagulants are added to the front-end of the process, which is equipped with one or more deep zones to capture and store the resulting chemical particles. The water then flows through the wetland portion of the system which further clarifies and treats the water prior to discharge to the estuary.

Completed Stormwater Quality Improvement Projects

Completed Stormwater Quality Improvement Projects and Year of Completion
Project Year
Old Palm City Phase IV 2022
Culpepper Berm Phase II 2022
Savannah Weir 2022
Willoughby Creek 2020
St. Lucie Shores 2017
Hilltop Street 2017
Veteran's Memorial Bridge - Pond West 2016
Veteran's Memorial Bridge - Pond East 2016
Danforth Creek HWTT 2016
Martin County Golf Course 2016
Manatee Pocket SW Prong Baffle Box 2016
Bessey Creek HWTT 2015
Kitching Creek 2015
Rio St. Lucie Exfiltration Trench 2014
Old Palm City Bee Mats 2013
Warner Creek / Leilani Heights Phase III 2012
Manatee Creek Phase II & III 2012
Old Palm City Phase III East 2012
Old Palm City Phase III West 2012
Warner Creek / Leilani Heights Phase II 2012
Tropical Farms 2011
Warner Creek / Leilani Heights Phase I 2010
Indian River Drive Baffle Boxes 2010
Rio St Lucie Phase II 2008
Hibiscus Park Phase II 2007
Kitching Creek / Flora Ave 2007
Little Club Phase I & II 2007
Rio St Lucie Phase I 2006
Manatee Creek Phase 1 2006
Tropic Vista 2005
Coral Gardens 2005
Fern Creek 2005
Cedar Pointe 2004
Golden Gate Phase III 2004
Old Palm City Phase I & II 2003
Poinciana Gardens 2003
Salerno Creek Retrofit Phase I 2003
Golden Gate Phase I & II 2003
Palm Lake Park 2002
Hibiscus Park Phase I 2002
North River Shores Baffle Boxes 2001